胫前动脉踝上穿支皮瓣修复足踝部软组织缺损19例

目的探讨胫前动脉踝上穿支皮瓣修复足踝部软组织缺损的临床疗效。方法回顾性研究2018年4月至2019年6月采用胫前动脉踝上穿支皮瓣修复足踝部软组织缺损19例的资料,其中男11例,女8例;年龄为21~75岁,平均39岁。根据前踝上穿支皮瓣解剖学基础,按照足踝部软组织缺损大小和形状,在小腿下端前外侧设计并切取皮瓣转位修复创面。切取胫前动脉踝上穿支皮瓣面积为6.0 cm×5.0 cm^14.0 cm×8.0 cm,均为带蒂皮瓣转位。根据皮瓣成活、感染控制、弹性色泽、外观形态、供区瘢痕、皮肤感觉、患者认可等情况,对患者足踝部软组织缺损的修复情况进行综合评价。结果本组19例皮瓣全部成活,软组织缺损、肌腱、骨质及钢板外露均得以修复。供区均I期愈合。术后门诊随访2~16个月,皮瓣血运良好,颜色接近周围正常皮肤,臃肿不明显,患者对外观表示满意;供区皮片愈合良好,无明显增生、挛缩及溃疡,踝关节功能良好。结论胫前动脉踝上穿支皮瓣是修复足踝部软组织缺损较为理想的方法之一,手术操作简便,穿支较恒定,血供可靠,具有一定的临床应用价值。     

游离腓肠内侧动脉穿支皮瓣修复前臂及足部软组织缺损

目的 探讨应用腓肠内侧动脉穿支皮瓣(MSAP)修复前臂及足部软组织缺损的临床效果.方法 自2015年5月至2017年9月,应用MSAP修复前臂及足部软组织缺损创面13例,其中男9例,女4例,年龄19~57岁,平均41岁;其中前臂6例,足部7例,足部创面均位于前中足.皮瓣切取面积为3.0 cm×4.0 cm^7.0 cm×15.0 cm.修复足部创面时均选用同侧小腿,小腿供区创面均进行一期直接缝合.术后通过门诊复查及微信方式,对皮瓣外形、感觉及供区恢复情况进行定期随访.结果 13例皮瓣全部成活,无血管危象发生及坏死,3例术后存在感染,给予换药及抗炎治疗后创面逐渐愈合.术后随访11例(2例外省患者失访),随访时间4~18个月,平均12个月,未发现供区明显功能障碍,受区皮瓣外形良好;7例感觉恢复至S2~S3,TPD 6~9 mm.结论 游离MSAP不损伤主干血管,血管蒂长,穿支恒定,皮下脂肪相对较薄,游离移植修复前臂及足部创面效果良好.     

难复性肘关节脱位合并肱动脉损伤的治疗策略

目的探讨难复性肘关节脱位合并肱动脉损伤的治疗策略。方法回顾性分析自2015-03—2018-06行手术切开修复治疗的7例单纯肘关节脱位合并肱动脉损伤,一期行肘关节骨性结构的恢复与软组织稳定的重建,同时行血管移植恢复肱动脉的连续性,二期行游离皮片移植关闭伤口。结果7例均顺利完成手术并获得完整随访,随访时间6~24个月,平均14.5个月。末次随访时肘关节X线片显示7例均获得并维持同心圆复位。1例出现肘关节关节囊及韧带处异位骨化,对症治疗后治愈。无肘关节不稳定、无切口或针道感染发生。末次随访时Mayo肘关节功能评分:优5例,良1例,可1例。结论难复性肘关节脱位合并肱动脉损伤通过一期肘关节骨结构与软组织稳定重建、恢复肱动脉连续性,二期行游离植皮,并结合早期康复锻炼可获得满意疗效。     

Double Forehead Expanded Flaps for Reconstruction of Total Nasal Defect: A Case Report

ObjectiveTo introduce a method for total nasal defect reconstruction with a double forehead expanded flap.Case presentationA 55-year-old man underwent three-stage total nasal reconstruction for a complete nasal defect due to electrical injury. The skin expander was implanted during the 1st stage. Total nasal reconstruction was performed with double expanded forehead flap transfer during the 2nd stage. The unilateral forehead flap was used for lining and the contralateral forehead flap, together with the autologous cartilage and titanium mesh framework, were used for skin replacement. The forehead donor defect was covered with a skin graft. Pedicle division and inset were performed in the 3rd stage.ResultsThere was no flap loss, infection, hematoma, rhinostenosis, or implant exposure over the 2-year follow-up, and satisfactory aesthetic results were achieved.ConclusionThe double forehead expanded flap method is useful for the reconstruction of large composite nasal defects in patients who are not suitable for nasolabial flaps and those who may not tolerate free tissue transfer. The operation has fewer complications and is uncomplicated.     

Clinical Results of Distal Embolization in Grade V Splenic Injury: Four-Year Experience from a Single Regional Trauma Center

PurposeTo evaluate the benefits and risks of splenic artery embolization (SAE) in patients with American Association for the Surgery of Trauma (AAST) grade V blunt spleen injury (BSI)Materials and MethodsMedical records of 88 patients treated with SAE between April 2013 and May 2017 at a regional trauma care center were reviewed retrospectively. The BSI grade according to the AAST spleen injury scale (revised version 2018) was determined by using computed tomography (CT) images. A total of 42 patients (46.6%) had AAST grade V injury and were included in the analysis. Patient demographics, angiographic findings, embolization techniques, and technical and clinical outcomes, including splenic salvage rate and procedure-related complications, were examined.ResultsSAE was performed within 2 hours after admission for 78.5% of the patients. All patients underwent selective distal embolization (n = 42). Primary clinical success rate was 80.9% (n = 34), and secondary clinical success rate was 88.1% (n = 37). The clinical failure group consisted of 5 patients. Four patients underwent splenectomy, and 1 patient died due to acute respiratory distress syndrome after embolization. The splenic salvage rate was 85.7% (n = 36). No patient had sepsis at follow-up (median, 247.0 days; interquartile range, 92.0–688.0). Clinical success rates (P = .356) and spleen salvage rates (P = .197) of patients who were hemodynamically stable (n = 19) showed no significant differences from those who were unstable (n = 23).ConclusionsDistal embolization of grade V BSI is a safe and feasible procedure which is effective for successful spleen salvage.     

Family nursing with the assistance of network improves clinical outcome and life quality in patients underwent coronary artery bypass grafting: A consolidated standards of reporting trials-compliant randomized controlled trial

Background:Family nursing with the assistance of network (FNAN) improves nurses’ practice and provides family/community-oriented nursing care. This study aimed to explore the effects of FNAN on the clinical outcome and life quality of coronary atherosclerotic heart disease (CHD) patients underwent coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).Trial Design:This study is a randomized, placebo-controlled and double-blind trial.Methods:One-hundred and twelve patients underwent CABG were randomly divided into control group (CG, routine family nursing care) and experimental group (EG, FNAN) and the allocation ratio was 1:1. The situation of anxiety and depression were analyzed using the Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA) scale and Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD). Sleep quality was measured by using Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Lung function parameters were measured, including minute ventilation (MVV), partial pressure of oxygen (PaO₂), partial pressure of arterial carbon dioxide (PaCO₂), oxygen saturation measurement by pulse oximetry (SpO₂), forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC). Life quality was measured by using Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Assessment Test (CAT).Results:After a 3-month intervention, 10 and 6 patients were lost in the CG and EG groups, respectively. The scores of HAMA, HAMD, PSQI and CAT were reduced in the EG group when compared with the CG group (P < .05). The values of MVV, PaO₂, SpO₂, FEV1 and FVC in the EG group was higher than those in the CG group whereas the levels of PaCO₂ in the EG group was lower than those in the CG group (P < .05). PSQI score had a strong relationship with the values of MVV, PaO₂, PaCO₂, SpO₂, FEV1, and FVC.Conclusion:FNAN improves the clinical outcome and life quality in the patients underwent CABG.     

Point-Of-Care Ultrasound Diagnosis of Medial Plantar Artery Pseudoaneurysm Secondary to Penetrating Injury

BackgroundPseudoaneurysms of the foot are rare and can occur from a range of etiologies, including laceration from a foreign body. The majority of reported cases have been diagnosed by computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, or angiography. These tests require intravenous access and contrast, confer radiation, take time to perform and interpret, are expensive, and are not always readily available in the acute setting. No prior reported pseudoaneurysms of the foot have been diagnosed by point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS).Case ReportAn 8-year-old boy presented to the emergency department for evaluation of left foot pain and swelling 2 weeks after stepping on small pieces of broken glass. He had a 3 × 3 cm area of painful swelling and erythema at the medial plantar aspect of his foot. A cutaneous abscess was the working diagnosis and preparations were made for an incision and drainage procedure. However, POCUS revealed a medial plantar artery pseudoaneurysm. Incision and drainage would have led to unexpected arterial bleeding. Instead, the pediatric surgery service was consulted for pseudoaneurysm excision and arterial ligation.Why Should an Emergency Physician Be Aware of This?Incision of a pseudoaneurysm in the sole of the foot—thought to be an abscess based on clinical examination—would lead to unforeseen arterial bleeding. POCUS at the bedside can differentiate between simple abscess and pseudoaneurysm in order to guide appropriate and time-sensitive management. Historical and clinical clues to the diagnosis may include heavier-than-expected bleeding at the time of laceration and a pulsatile quality to the painful erythema and swelling.